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  • Title: The revised Generalized Expectancy for Success Scale: a validity and reliability study.
    Author: Hale WD, Fiedler LR, Cochran CD.
    Journal: J Clin Psychol; 1992 Jul; 48(4):517-21. PubMed ID: 1517446.
    Abstract:
    The Generalized Expectancy for Success Scale (GESS; Fibel & Hale, 1978) was revised and assessed for reliability and validity. The revised version was administered to 199 college students along with other conceptually related measures, including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Life Orientation Test, and Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. One subsample of students also completed the Eysenck Personality Inventory, while another subsample performed a criterion-related task that involved risk taking. Item analysis yielded 25 items with correlations of .45 or higher with the total score. Results indicated high internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
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