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  • Title: Impaired spatial working memory in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: comparisons with performance in adults with borderline personality disorder and in control subjects.
    Author: Dowson JH, McLean A, Bazanis E, Toone B, Young S, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ.
    Journal: Acta Psychiatr Scand; 2004 Jul; 110(1):45-54. PubMed ID: 15180779.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: This study investigated a previous claim that working memory may be 'particularly impaired' in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), compared with other psychiatric disorders which affect frontal lobe-mediated executive functions. METHOD: Performance on spatial working memory (SWM) and two additional tasks were investigated for adult patients selected on the basis of DSM-IV ADHD (n = 19), adult patients selected on the basis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) (n = 19), and non-clinical control subjects (n = 19). Groups were matched for age, verbal IQ and gender. RESULTS: Analysis of variance showed that the ADHD group had significant impairment of SWM performance relative to the non-clinical controls. Although there was a trend towards impairment in the BPD group relative to non-clinical controls, this did not reach significance. CONCLUSION: The results are consistent with the claim that aspects of working memory are 'particularly impaired' in adult ADHD. Also, the BPD group had a longer deliberation time for one of the additional tasks, compared with the ADHD group, which indicated that the patient groups may have different patterns of neuropsychological impairments.
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