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  • Title: Proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic activities caused by Leptodeira annulata ashmeadii (Serpentes: Colubridae) Duvernoy's gland secretion.
    Author: Lemoine K, Girón ME, Aguilar I, Navarrete LF, Rodríguez-Acosta A.
    Journal: Wilderness Environ Med; 2004; 15(2):82-9. PubMed ID: 15228060.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The main goal was to explore the different toxin properties (proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic) of Leptodeira annulata ashmeadii Duvernoy's gland secretion (DGS). METHODS: To separate and characterize the different proteins present in L. annulata ashmeadii DGS, 20% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was run. To partially purify the proteolytic activity, Mono Q2 column ion-exchange chromatography was used. Hemorrhagic activity was analyzed in chicken embryos and mice (skin and peritoneum). Neurotoxic disorders were analyzed in mice inoculated with L. annulata ashmeadii DGS. RESULTS: The approximate relative mass of 21 protein bands was determined using the Multi-Analyst PC version 1.1 (Bio-Rad) program. L. annulata ashmeadii DGS proved to have proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic activities. CONCLUSIONS: Given the properties of the secretions of its Duvernoy's gland, L. annulata ashmeadii should be added to the list of venomous colubrids.
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