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  • Title: Stimulatory effect of topical application of caffeine on UVB-induced apoptosis in the epidermis of p53 and Bax knockout mice.
    Author: Lu YP, Lou YR, Peng QY, Xie JG, Conney AH.
    Journal: Cancer Res; 2004 Jul 15; 64(14):5020-7. PubMed ID: 15256477.
    Abstract:
    Shaved male or female p53(-/-) C57BL/6J mice and their wild-type littermates were irradiated once with UVB (60 mJ/cm(2)). The UVB-induced increase in apoptotic sunburn cells in p53(-/-) mice at 6-10 h after exposure to UVB was only 10-30% of that observed after treatment of p53(+/+) mice with UVB. Topical applications of caffeine immediately after UVB irradiation in female p53(+/+) or p53(-/-) mice enhanced the UVB-induced increase in apoptotic sunburn cells 6 h later by 127% and 563%, respectively. In another study, shaved female Bax(-/-) C57BL/6J mice and their wild-type littermates were irradiated once with UVB (60 mJ/cm(2)). The UVB-induced increase in apoptotic sunburn cells in Bax(-/-) mice at 6 h after exposure to UVB was only 14% of that observed after treatment of Bax(+/+) mice with UVB. Topical application of caffeine immediately after irradiation of Bax(+/+) or Bax(-/-) mice with UVB enhanced the UVB-induced increases in apoptotic sunburn cells at 6 h by 214% and 467%, respectively, and topical application of caffeine immediately after irradiation of Bax(+/+) or Bax(-/-) mice with UVB enhanced the UVB-induced increase in caspase 3 (active form) positive cells at 6 h by 253% and 750%, respectively. The results indicate that UVB-induced increases in apoptosis in the epidermis of wild-type mice are predominantly (but not entirely) by p53- and Bax-dependent pathways and that topical application of caffeine can enhance UVB-induced increases in apoptosis by p53- and Bax-independent pathways.
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