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  • Title: The effect of carbon dioxide on Doppler flow velocity waveforms in the human fetus.
    Author: Potts P, Connors G, Gillis S, Hunse C, Richardson B.
    Journal: J Dev Physiol; 1992 Mar; 17(3):119-23. PubMed ID: 1527367.
    Abstract:
    Twelve healthy pregnant women were studied between 35 to 40 weeks gestation to determine the effect of carbon dioxide on the Doppler flow velocity waveform in the cerebral and umbilical arteries of the human fetus near term. The Resistance index (RI), as an index of vascular resistance, was calculated for the internal carotid and umbilical arteries during a control period while patients breathed room air followed by three randomized 15-30 min study periods with patients breathing either room air, a prepared gas mixture with 2% carbon dioxide, or undergoing controlled hyperventilation as determined by monitoring end-tidal PCO2. The RI of the internal carotid and umbilical arteries both showed a significant inverse relationship to maternal end-tidal PCO2 with a greater negative slope for RI plotted against end-tidal PCO2 in the internal carotid artery (0.0153) than in the umbilical artery (0.0047). The change in the RI as an index of changing vascular resistance, suggests that carbon dioxide is also an important determinant of cerebral blood flow in the human fetus, as previously described for fetal sheep, with a lesser although significant effect on umbilical blood flow.
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