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  • Title: Embolization of intracranial arteriovenous malformations and fistulas with polyvinyl alcohol particles and platinum fibre coils.
    Author: Nakstad PH, Bakke SJ, Hald JK.
    Journal: Neuroradiology; 1992; 34(4):348-51. PubMed ID: 1528453.
    Abstract:
    In order to reduce the recanalization rate of arteriovenous malformations and multiple dural arteriovenous fistulas, embolization was carried out with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles combined with platinum fibre coils in 20 patients. The malformation was occluded more effectively than by PVA alone. Distal deposition of the emboli was obtained by improved steerable catheters (Tracker-18-unibody) and guidewires. The complication rate was lower than usually reported from studies using glue as embolic agent. It was concluded that the combination of PVA and fibre coils enhances the safety and effectiveness of embolization therapy and reduces the frequency of recanalization of intracranial AVMs.
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