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  • Title: Lost and found testes: the importance of the hCG stimulation test and other testicular markers to confirm a surgical declaration of anorchia.
    Author: McEachern R, Houle AM, Garel L, Van Vliet G.
    Journal: Horm Res; 2004; 62(3):124-8. PubMed ID: 15286448.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: In patients with impalpable testes,laparoscopy or open surgery is considered conclusive in establishing the absence of testicular tissue. METHODS: Retrospective chart review. RESULTS: Over a 22-year period, 4 out of 82 patients with a diagnosis of bilateral anorchia by laparoscopy or laparotomy had persistent testicular tissue suggested by endocrine evaluations. The clue to the presence of testicular tissue was: (1) a pubertal rise in plasma testosterone (2 patients); (2) the presence of possible Müllerian structures and of a detectable plasma anti-Müllerian hormone (1 patient), and (3) the fact that one of the gonads had not been seen at surgery (1 patient who still had a testosterone response to hCG postoperatively). Testes were localized by venography (3 patients) and laparotomy (1 patient). CONCLUSION: A surgical diagnosis of bilateral anorchia needs to be confirmed by hCG stimulation, gonadotropin levels, or other markers of testicular function.
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