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  • Title: Basaltic rocks analyzed by the Spirit Rover in Gusev Crater.
    Author: McSween HY, Arvidson RE, Bell JF, Blaney D, Cabrol NA, Christensen PR, Clark BC, Crisp JA, Crumpler LS, Des Marais DJ, Farmer JD, Gellert R, Ghosh A, Gorevan S, Graff T, Grant J, Haskin LA, Herkenhoff KE, Johnson JR, Jolliff BL, Klingelhoefer G, Knudson AT, McLennan S, Milam KA, Moersch JE, Morris RV, Rieder R, Ruff SW, De Souza PA, Squyres SW, Wänke H, Wang A, Wyatt MB, Yen A, Zipfel J.
    Journal: Science; 2004 Aug 06; 305(5685):842-5. PubMed ID: 15297668.
    Abstract:
    The Spirit landing site in Gusev Crater on Mars contains dark, fine-grained, vesicular rocks interpreted as lavas. Pancam and Mini-Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES) spectra suggest that all of these rocks are similar but have variable coatings and dust mantles. Magnified images of brushed and abraded rock surfaces show alteration rinds and veins. Rock interiors contain </=25% megacrysts. Chemical analyses of rocks by the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer are consistent with picritic basalts, containing normative olivine, pyroxenes, plagioclase, and accessory FeTi oxides. Mössbauer, Pancam, and Mini-TES spectra confirm the presence of olivine, magnetite, and probably pyroxene. These basalts extend the known range of rock compositions composing the martian crust.
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