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  • Title: Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in diabetes mellitus.
    Author: Dandona P, Chaudhuri A, Aljada A.
    Journal: Med Clin North Am; 2004 Jul; 88(4):911-31, x-xi. PubMed ID: 15308385.
    Abstract:
    Although the net balance between vasoconstriction and vasodilation determines the tone of the blood vessel, the vasodilatory-vasoconstrictive response following a challenge may also be determined by the intrinsic mechanical and biological properties of the vascular smooth muscle. This article reviews the action of nitric oxide, acetylcholine,and insulin; the effects of hyperglycemia, increase in free fatty acids, diabetes, and obesity on the vasculature; treatment of hypertension in diabetes; the benefits of lowering blood pressure and intensity of blood pressure control; and compares specific antihypertensive therapies on cardiovascular outcomes. The effects of antihypertensive therapy on microvascular complications, choice of antihypertensive regimen, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of antihypertensive drugs, and the potential role of antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of hypertension are also presented.
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