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  • Title: Causes of visual impairment and blindness among the middle-aged and elderly in northern Jordan.
    Author: Haddadin A, Ereifej I, Zawaida F, Haddadin H.
    Journal: East Mediterr Health J; 2002; 8(2-3):404-8. PubMed ID: 15339130.
    Abstract:
    Causes of bilateral low vision (BLLV) and bilateral blindness (BLB) were investigated among 720 outpatients aged > 45 years in Irbid, Jordan, between July 1999 and October 2000. All received full ophthalmic examinations. BLLV was defined as visual acuity < 6/18 but > 3/60 in the better eye; BLB as acuity < 3/60 in the better eye. The leading cause of BLB and BLLV was cataract. Refractive error was the second major cause of BLLV. Other common causes were diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Age-related macular degeneration was the single cause of BLB and BLLV for only 1.6% and 2.8% respectively. A population-based survey of BLB and BLLV in the elderly, yearly vision examinations and an ophthalmic education programme are recommended.
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