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  • Title: An anatomical study of an electric organ and its nerve supply in the electric ray (Torpedinidae Narke japonica).
    Author: Kawashima T, Igarashi M, Sasaki H.
    Journal: Anat Histol Embryol; 2004 Oct; 33(5):294-8. PubMed ID: 15352883.
    Abstract:
    Despite anatomist's great interest in the electric organ (EO) of the electric ray, its detailed morphology remains unclear. In order to understand more completely the architecture of the EO and the branchial organ, it is necessary to examine detailed relationships regarding the origin, course and distribution of nerves innervating the EO. We thus carried out a macroscopic and microscopic anatomical study, focusing on issues, using the 18 sides of nine electric rays. The following results were obtained: (i) the EO was innervated exclusively by the facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves; (ii) although these three cranial nerves consistently innervated the EO, variation in the number of the nerves innervating the EO was observed; (iii) cranial nerves innervated the EO in a segmental manner, at both entry and in the area of distribution. These results suggest that the EO of the electric ray might have differentiated from a non-constant branchial muscle anlage but preserves the branchial segments in terms of the craniocaudal, dorsoventral and proximodistal axes.
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