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  • Title: Avian antimicrobial peptides: the defense role of beta-defensins.
    Author: Sugiarto H, Yu PL.
    Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 2004 Oct 22; 323(3):721-7. PubMed ID: 15381059.
    Abstract:
    Avian antimicrobial peptides, classified as beta-defensins, have been identified from bloods of chicken, turkey, and ostrich; epithelial cells of chicken and turkey; and king penguin stomach contents. Beta-defensins are a family of antimicrobial peptides characterized by six cysteine residues forming beta-defensin motifs that are also found in bovine, ovine, pig, and human. These peptides are active against a wide range of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Analysis of evolutionary relationships of vertebrate beta-defensins showed that there might be a common ancestral gene between avian and other mammalian peptides. This ancient gene may have been passed down and evolved from species older than the oldest living birds, forming a beta-defensin-like precursor molecule. This review describes potential applications of these peptides in health care products.
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