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  • Title: Measurement of retinal vessel widths from fundus images based on 2-D modeling.
    Author: Lowell J, Hunter A, Steel D, Basu A, Ryder R, Kennedy RL.
    Journal: IEEE Trans Med Imaging; 2004 Oct; 23(10):1196-204. PubMed ID: 15493688.
    Abstract:
    Changes in retinal vessel diameter are an important sign of diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Obtaining precise measurements of vascular widths is a critical and demanding process in automated retinal image analysis as the typical vessel is only a few pixels wide. This paper presents an algorithm to measure the vessel diameter to subpixel accuracy. The diameter measurement is based on a two-dimensional difference of Gaussian model, which is optimized to fit a two-dimensional intensity vessel segment. The performance of the method is evaluated against Brinchmann-Hansen's half height, Gregson's rectangular profile and Zhou's Gaussian model. Results from 100 sample profiles show that the presented algorithm is over 30% more precise than the compared techniques and is accurate to a third of a pixel.
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