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  • Title: Comparison of ablation efficacy of excimer, pulsed-dye, and holmium-YAG lasers relevant to shock waves.
    Author: Tomaru T, Geschwind HJ, Boussignac G, Lange F, Tahk SJ.
    Journal: Am Heart J; 1992 Apr; 123(4 Pt 1):886-95. PubMed ID: 1549996.
    Abstract:
    Ablation efficacy of pulsed lasers on human arterial tissue and associated shock waves have been investigated by means of excimer laser at 308 nm, pulsed-dye laser at 480 nm, and holmium-YAG laser at 2.1 microns. A multifiber catheter was used for lasing at 420 mjoules/pulse with holmium-YAG, 18.9 mjoules/pulse with excimer, and 100 mjoules/pulse with pulsed-dye laser. Ablation efficiency (ablated volume/energy) was greatest with pulsed-dye laser in blood and excimer laser in saline solution. There was selectivity for atheroma with pulsed-dye laser (ablation efficiency in atheroma versus normal tissue, 58 versus 27 x 10(-2) mm3/joule in blood; p less than 0.005) and holmium-YAG laser (12.6 versus 5.6 x 10(-2) mm3/joule in blood; p less than 0.001). Ablation efficiency of pulsed-dye laser was enhanced by blood (0.58 in blood versus 0.17 mm3/joules in saline for atheroma; p less than 0.005). Shock waves were correlated with ablation efficiency (r = 0.63 and 0.74 for pulsed-dye laser and holmium-YAG laser, respectively). There was neither selectivity for atheroma nor influence of blood medium with excimer laser. Only holmium-YAG laser could ablate tissue at a distance from the target in the blood medium. Histologic findings showed that all lasers could create smooth-edged craters with minimal coagulation necrosis. In conclusion, laser irradiation with holmium-YAG and pulsed-dye lasers could selectively ablate atheromatous tissue with minimal thermal injury, whereas excimer laser could not. Ablation efficiency was correlated with shock waves. Efficiency of pulsed-dye laser was enhanced by blood.
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