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  • Title: A multicenter analysis of axial femorotibial rotation after total knee arthroplasty.
    Author: Dennis DA, Komistek RD, Mahfouz MR, Walker SA, Tucker A.
    Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res; 2004 Nov; (428):180-9. PubMed ID: 15534541.
    Abstract:
    A multicenter analysis was done to determine in vivo femorotibial axial rotation magnitudes and patterns in 1,027 knees (normal knees, nonimplanted ACL-deficient knees, and multiple designs of total knee arthroplasty). All knees were analyzed using fluoroscopy and a three-dimensional computer model-fitting technique during a deep knee bend and/or gait. Normal knees showed 16.5 degrees and 5.7 degrees of internal tibial rotation during a deep knee bend and gait, respectively. Rotation magnitudes and the percent having normal axial rotation patterns decreased in all total knee arthroplasty groups during a deep knee bend. During gait, all knee arthroplasty groups had similar rotational patterns (limited magnitudes). Average axial rotational magnitudes in gait and a deep knee bend were similar among major implant categories (ie, fixed-bearing versus mobile-bearing, etc). Average values in normal knees and ACL-retaining total knee arthroplasty patients (16.5 degrees and 8.1 degrees , respectively) were higher than in groups in which the ACL was absent (< 4.0 degrees ). All total knee arthroplasty groups had at least 19% of patients have a reverse axial rotational pattern during a deep knee bend and at least 31% during gait. Normal axial rotation patterns are essential for good patellar tracking, reduction of patellofemoral shear forces, and maximization of knee flexion.
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