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  • Title: Efficacy of antimalarial chemoprophylaxis among French residents travelling to Africa.
    Author: Fontanet AL, Houzé S, Keundjian A, Schiemann R, Ralaimazava P, Durand R, Cha O, Coulaud JP, Le Bras J, Bouchaud O.
    Journal: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg; 2005 Feb; 99(2):91-100. PubMed ID: 15607335.
    Abstract:
    Controversy exists about which antimalarial chemoprophylaxis regimen should be used among travellers to Africa: the WHO and other experts recommend the use of mefloquine throughout sub-Saharan Africa, whereas French experts still support the combination of chloroquine and proguanil in most of West Africa (the so-called zone 2 countries). In this case-control study based at a travel clinic, we examined the compliance with antimalarial chemoprophylaxis and its efficacy among travellers to tropical areas. Cases were patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria (n = 131). Controls were patients who had a negative malaria film (n = 158). Of all controls, only 36 (22.8%) were adequately protected (i.e. compliant with an adapted regimen of chemoprophylaxis). In zone 2 countries, the efficacy of the combined chloroquine and proguanil was 58% (95% CI 22-78%) for all users, but increased to 100% (95% CI 89-100%) for compliant users. In zone 3 countries, the efficacy of mefloquine was 90% (95% CI 51-98%) and 100% (95% CI 58-100%) for all users and compliant users, respectively.
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