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  • Title: Brain activation gradients in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex related to persistence of ADHD in adolescent boys.
    Author: Schulz KP, Newcorn JH, Fan J, Tang CY, Halperin JM.
    Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry; 2005 Jan; 44(1):47-54. PubMed ID: 15608543.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible role that functional abnormalities of the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia play in the persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. METHOD: Ten male adolescents who were diagnosed with ADHD during childhood were grouped into those who continued to meet full diagnostic criteria for DSM-IV ADHD (persisters; n = 5) and those in whom symptoms had remitted sufficiently to warrant a diagnosis of ADHD in partial remission (remitters; n = 5). Persisters, remitters, and five carefully matched controls with no history of ADHD were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a go/no-go task. RESULTS: Parallel linear trends were found in performance on the go/no-go task and activation of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, such that persisters made the most commission errors (33%) and showed the greatest activation, remitters made fewer commission errors (24%) and had lower activity, and activation was lowest in controls who made the fewest errors (13%). CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that developmental changes in ADHD symptomatology are associated with functional changes in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activity.
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