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  • Title: Amphetamine injections into the nucleus accumbens affect neither acquisition/expression of conditioned fear nor baseline startle response.
    Author: Schwienbacher I, Fendt M, Schnitzler HU.
    Journal: Exp Brain Res; 2005 Jan; 160(4):538-44. PubMed ID: 15650891.
    Abstract:
    The acoustic startle response is enhanced during states of fear and attenuated during pleasant ones. Our question was whether pharmacological stimulation of the reward system disrupts the learning and retrieval of conditioned fear as measured by fear-potentiated startle. We therefore injected the dopamine agonist amphetamine into the nucleus accumbens (NAC) immediately before either acquisition or expression of conditioned fear and measured the effect of these injections on fear-potentiated startle and baseline startle response. This study clearly showed that amphetamine injections into the NAC had no effect on baseline startle amplitude and acquisition/expression of conditioned fear. In contrast, amphetamine injections into the nucleus accumbens clearly enhanced spontaneous motor activity. These results suggest that dopamine within the NAC is not involved in modulation of fear-potentiated startle and baseline startle.
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