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  • Title: [The effect of oral ovulation inhibiting (mono-, bi- and triphase) contraceptives and of Continuin and Postinor on proteo- and steroid hormones].
    Author: Farkas M.
    Journal: Acta Pharm Hung; 1992; 62(1-2):17-30. PubMed ID: 1566635.
    Abstract:
    Endocrinological changes due to the effect of treatment with mono-, bi- and three-phase contraceptive pills taking continuously and occasionally are reviewed. It is established that oral contraceptives based on ovulation inhibition are safe. Less side effects are produced by Ovidon tablets. Continuin and Postinor pills are not safe, and they can produce irregular bleeding. Beside their numerous advances extrauterine pregnancy frequently happens (6.4%). A three-phase preparation is expected to have a reversible effect and lack of a consequent functional infertility. This is improved by hormone level measurements. 5-15 patients who were willing to undergo laboratory tests on given days of the menstrual cycle even without treatment for a whole month were selected for the investigation. From the 6th to 8th day of the cycle to the 23rd day blood was taken from the cubital vein 5-7 times, and the samples were processed. The gonadotropin peak meant the day of ovulation. Radioimmunoassay determined the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, serum progesterone, and 17-beta-estradiol levels. Ovidon (.25 mg d-norgestrel and .05 mg ethinyl estradiol [EE] and Rigevidon (.15 mg d-norgestrel and .03 mg EE) were found the most suitable oral contraceptives (OCs). Anteovin is a biphasic OC with 11 white tablets (.05 mg levonorgestrel [LNG] and .05 mg EE) and with 10 pink tablets (.125 mg LNG and .95 mg EE). The Tri-Regol 3-phase OC contains a yellow tablet (.05 mg LNG and .03 mg EE), and amber color tablet (.075 mg LNG and .04 mc EE), and a white tablet (.125 mg LNG and .03 mc EE). Not a single instance of pregnancy was recorded with the use of mono-, bi-, and triphasic OCs, however, with the use of Continuin and Postinor the rate of pregnancy was 3.7/100 women/year and 1.2/100 women/year, respectively. The lowest level of side effects occurred with Ovidon and Tri-Regol. On the other hand, Continuin and Postinor did not prove reliable; they had frequent side effects such as irregular bleeding and extrauterine pregnancy (6.4%). With Ovidon and Rigevidon the serum progesterone level was 3-6 nmol/l both in the follicular and luteal phase, with Anteovin it was 1.5-2 nmol/l, and with Tri-Regol it was 4.8-6.5 nmol/l, but these values did not change compared with the control cycles. Serum prolactin increased significantly in Anteovin users and after 1 month of Tri-Regol use without hyperprolactinemia.
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