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  • Title: Paroxysmal arousal in epilepsy associated with cingulate hyperperfusion.
    Author: Vetrugno R, Mascalchi M, Vella A, Della Nave R, Provini F, Plazzi G, Volterrani D, Bertelli P, Vattimo A, Lugaresi E, Montagna P.
    Journal: Neurology; 2005 Jan 25; 64(2):356-8. PubMed ID: 15668441.
    Abstract:
    A patient with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy characterized by paroxysmal motor attacks during sleep had brief paroxysmal arousals (PAs), complex episodes of nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia, and epileptic nocturnal wandering since childhood. Ictal SPECT during an episode of PA demonstrated increased blood flow in the right anterior cingulate gyrus and cerebellar cortex with hypoperfusion in the right temporal and frontal associative cortices.
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