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  • Title: Gesture as a window on children's beginning understanding of false belief.
    Author: Carlson SM, Wong A, Lemke M, Cosser C.
    Journal: Child Dev; 2005; 76(1):73-86. PubMed ID: 15693758.
    Abstract:
    Given that gestures may provide access to transitions in cognitive development, preschoolers' performance on standard tasks was compared with their performance on a new gesture false belief task. Experiment 1 confirmed that children (N=45, M age=54 months) responded consistently on two gesture tasks and that there is dramatic improvement on both the gesture false belief task and a standard task from ages 3 to 5. In 2 subsequent experiments focusing on children in transition with respect to understanding false beliefs (Ns=34 and 70, M age=48 months), there was a significant advantage of gesture over standard and novel verbal-response tasks. Iconic gesture may facilitate reasoning about opaque mental states in children who are rapidly developing concepts of mind.
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