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  • Title: A SEM and X-ray study for investigation of solidified/stabilized arsenic-iron hydroxide sludge.
    Author: Phenrat T, Marhaba TF, Rachakornkij M.
    Journal: J Hazard Mater; 2005 Feb 14; 118(1-3):185-95. PubMed ID: 15721543.
    Abstract:
    Despite the fact that the solidification/stabilization of arsenic containing wastes with Portland cement and lime has an extensively documented history of use, the physical and chemical phenomena as a result of the interaction between arsenic and cement components have not been fully characterized. The study investigates the behavior of synthesized arsenic-iron hydroxide sludge, the by-product of arsenic removal by coagulation with ferric chloride, in solidified/stabilized matrices as well as its binding mechanisms by exploring the cementitious matrices in the micro-scale by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS). It was revealed that arsenic can be chemically fixed into cementitious environment of the solidified/stabilized matrices by three important immobilization mechanisms; sorption onto C-S-H surface, replacing SO4(2-) of ettringite, and reaction with cement components to form calcium-arsenic compounds, the solubility limiting phases.
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