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  • Title: Particulate-biofilm, expanded-bed technology for high-rate, low-cost wastewater treatment: nitrification.
    Author: Dempsey MJ, Lannigan KC, Minall RJ.
    Journal: Water Res; 2005 Mar; 39(6):965-74. PubMed ID: 15766951.
    Abstract:
    The performance of a particulate-biofilm, expanded-bed process for nitrification of activated sludge final effluent (ASFE) is reported for a plant receiving mixed industrial and domestic wastewater. The support material for the particulate-biofilms was glassy coke, to which the nitrifying bacteria attached and formed a highly active biofilm. An average nitrification rate of 1.7+/-0.6 kg m(expanded bed)(-3)d(-1) was recorded during operation of the bioreactor, which had a hydraulic residence time of 15 min. On average, the ASFE contained 12.6+/-3.7 g m(-3) NH3-N, which was reduced to 2.6+/-3.3 g m(-3) NH3-N. Furthermore, transfer of 10-12% of the oxygen in air was achieved using counter-current aeration. This investigation has demonstrated that a high rate of nitrification can be achieved with a particulate-biofilm, expanded-bed process. It has also demonstrated that the process can operate without backwashing and still remove particulate material from the ASFE feed.
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