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  • Title: Fluorescent metal ion indicators based on benzoannelated crown systems: a green fluorescent indicator for intracellular sodium ions.
    Author: Martin VV, Rothe A, Gee KR.
    Journal: Bioorg Med Chem Lett; 2005 Apr 01; 15(7):1851-5. PubMed ID: 15780620.
    Abstract:
    The synthesis and metal binding properties of cation-sensitive fluorescent indicators intended for biological applications are described. The increase of the crown ether ring size enhances the affinity for larger cations, but weakens the fluorescent response and selectivity. A compound having a 15-crown-5 chelator directly attached to a 2,7-difluoroxanthenone fluorophore loads into live cells and responds to sodium ion concentration changes with large fluorescence increases in the visible wavelength range.
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