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  • Title: Prevalence of arterial hypertension in children aged 9-14 years, residents of the city of Łódź.
    Author: Kardas P, Kufelnicka M, Herczyński D.
    Journal: Kardiol Pol; 2005 Mar; 62(3):211-6; discussion 216-7. PubMed ID: 15830015.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the most common disorders in adults. Although it may be already present in children and adolescents, it is usually undetected. There is a lack of data on the prevalence of hypertension in this age-group in Poland. AIM: To assess the prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents, residents of the city of Łódź. METHODS: Children and adolescents aged 9-14 years, attending one primary and one secondary school, were examined. Blood pressure (BP) was measured three times with the use of a mercury sphygmomanometer. Systolic BP was determined by the first Korotkoff sound, and diastolic BP - by the fifth Korotkoff sound. Hypertension was diagnosed when the value of systolic and/or diastolic BP exceeded the 95th percentile of normal values, taking into account height, gender and age. RESULTS: In total, 637 children and adolescents (349 girls and 288 boys) were examined. The first BP measurements revealed abnormal values in 13.2% of examined subjects, slightly more often in girls than in boys (14.6% vs 11.4%, NS). Triple BP measurements revealed the presence of hypertension in 3.3% of examined subjects (2.9% of girls and 3.8% of boys, NS). Hypertension was diagnosed by triple measurement in a significantly lower proportion of subjects than by a single screening examination (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension is present in a significant proportion of children and adolescents who live in the city of Łódź, which shows the need for a systematic screening. A proper detection of hypertension requires repeated BP measurements.
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