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  • Title: Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo nestlings simulate multiple gapes for begging.
    Author: Tanaka KD, Ueda K.
    Journal: Science; 2005 Apr 29; 308(5722):653. PubMed ID: 15860618.
    Abstract:
    Nestlings of some brood parasitic birds evict hosts' eggs and young soon after hatching, thereby avoiding discrimination by hosts while monopolizing parental care. Eviction carries a cost, however, because lone parasitic nestlings attract a reduced provisioning rate. Here we describe a form of visual signaling used by the evicting Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo (Cuculus fugax) to obtain sufficient food. The chick displays a gape-colored patch on the wing to the host parents as they deliver food, simulating the gaping display of more than one nestling.
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