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  • Title: Epidemiology of nosocomial infections in selected neonatal intensive care units in Colombia, South America.
    Author: Efird MM, Rojas MA, Lozano JM, Bose CL, Rojas MX, Rondón MA, Ruiz G, Piñeros JG, Rojas C, Robayo G, Hoyos A, Gosendi ME, Cruz H, Leon A.
    Journal: J Perinatol; 2005 Aug; 25(8):531-6. PubMed ID: 15944725.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The epidemiology of nosocomial infections (NI) in neonatal intensive care units in developing countries has been poorly studied. We conducted a prospective study in selected neonatal units in Colombia, SA, to describe the incidence rate, causative organisms, and interinstitutional differences. STUDY DESIGN: Data were collected prospectively from February 20 to August 30, 2001 from eight neonatal units. NI was defined as culture-proven infection diagnosed after 72 h of hospitalization, resulting in treatment with antibiotics for >3 days. Linear regression models were used to describe associations between institutional variables and NI rates. RESULTS: A total of 1504 infants were hospitalized for more than 72 h, and therefore, at risk for NI. Of all, 127 infections were reported among 80 patients (5.3%). The incidence density rate was 6.2 per 1000 patient-days. Bloodstream infections accounted for 78% of NIs. Gram-negative organisms predominated over gram-positive organisms (55 vs 38%) and were prevalent in infants < or =2000 g (54%). The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus epidermidis (26%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (12%). CONCLUSION: Gram-negative organisms predominate in Colombia among infants <2000 g. The emergence of gram-negative organisms and their associated risk factors requires further study.
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