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  • Title: [Combination of morphine with low-dose naloxone for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia].
    Author: Zhao LY, Ye TH, Zhang YZ, Zhao H.
    Journal: Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao; 2005 Apr; 27(2):228-31. PubMed ID: 15960271.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the analgesic effect and side effects of morphine for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with or without low-dose naloxone after abdominal surgery. METHODS: Fifty-nine ASA I - II patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were randomly divided into two groups: group morphine received postoperative PCA with 0.4 mg/ml morphine (a 1 mg bolus with a 5 min lockout), group naloxone received morphine 0.4 mg/ml with 6 microg/kg naloxone. Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and pulse oxygen saturation were monitored. Visual analogue scale (VAS), nausea/vomiting, pruritus, sedation and consumption of morphine were recorded for 24 hours. RESULTS: VAS had no difference between group morphine and group naloxone, but group naloxone had significantly lower VAS for pain at rest or movement (beyond 4-8 h), and the incidence of nausea/vomiting significantly decreased in group naloxone (P < 0.05). No differences existed in pruritus, sedation, respiratory rate, and hemodynamic parameters between these two groups. The 24 hours postoperative morphine consumption was (36.6 +/- 13.5) mg in group naloxone and (43.7 +/- 14.6) mg in group morphine (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: For morphine PCA, morphine with 6 microg/kg naloxone is effective in preventing some PCA morphinerelated side effects. Naloxone not only reduces postoperative morphine requirements but also improves the analgesic effect.
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