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  • Title: Early manual communication in relation to the deaf child's intellectual, social, and communicative functioning.
    Author: Meadow KP.
    Journal: J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ; 2005; 10(4):321-9. PubMed ID: 16000694.
    Abstract:
    The basic impoverishment of deafness is not lack of hearing but lack of language. To illustrate this, we have only to compare a 4-year-old hearing child, with a working vocabulary of between 2,000 and 3,000 words, to a child of the same age, profoundly deaf since infancy, who may have only a few words at his command. Even more important than vocabulary level, however, is the child's ability to use his language for expressing ideas, needs, and feelings. By the age of 4 years, the hearing child in all cultures has already grasped the rules of grammar syntax that enable him or her to combine words in meaningful ways.
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