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  • Title: New insights into clostridial neurotoxin-SNARE interactions.
    Author: Breidenbach MA, Brunger AT.
    Journal: Trends Mol Med; 2005 Aug; 11(8):377-81. PubMed ID: 16006188.
    Abstract:
    Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) has achieved a dichotomous status in modern medicine; it is both a versatile treatment for several neurological disorders and a lethal poison responsible for causing the neuroparalytic syndrome botulism. The extent of paralysis largely depends on the dosage of toxin received. The toxins block neurotransmitter release by delivering their Zn(2+)-dependent protease components to the presynaptic side of chemical synapses. These highly specialized enzymes exclusively hydrolyze peptide bonds within SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleiamide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins. Recently, the structural basis for the highly specific interaction between BoNT/A and its target SNARE, SNAP-25 (synaptosomal-associated protein of 25kDa), was elucidated. New details regarding the nature of the toxin-SNARE interactions could be exploited for novel inhibitor design.
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