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  • Title: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori can be accurately confirmed 14 days after termination of triple therapy using a high-dose citric acid-based 13C urea breath test.
    Author: Shirin H, Levine A, Shevah O, Shabat-Sehayek V, Aeed H, Wardi J, Birkenfeld S, Eliakim R, Avni Y.
    Journal: Digestion; 2005; 71(4):208-12. PubMed ID: 16024926.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Confirmation of Helicobacter pylori eradication by urea breath test (UBT) is currently performed 4-6 weeks after completion of therapy because of unacceptable false-negative results in UBTs performed earlier. Use of a high-dose citric acid test meal appears to enable accurate detection of H. pylori even during short term therapy with proton pump inhibitors. AIM: To evaluate if use of a high dose citric acid (4.0 g) test meal can decrease the interval required for confirmation of eradication after triple therapy. METHODS: 233 patients positive for H. pylori were randomized to undergo UBT at 7 days or 14 days after triple therapy, and again at 6 weeks. The latter test was considered the gold standard test. RESULTS: The UBT performed 6 weeks after the end of treatment found that 79.9% were cured. The same test 7 days after therapy found false-negative detection of H. pylori in 7.3% patients compared to 3.2% patients examined after 14 days. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy for evaluation on day 14 were 80, 100, 100, 96.3 and 96.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High-dose citric acid-based UBT is a valid test for the assessment of H. pylori status 14 days after triple therapy. This may obviate the delay in instituting second-line eradication therapy, or further evaluation of the symptomatic patient unresponsive to therapy despite eradication.
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