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  • Title: [Applied anatomy of small saphenous vein and its distally-based sural nerve nutrient].
    Author: Zhang F, Lin S, Zheng H.
    Journal: Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi; 2005 Jul; 19(7):505-7. PubMed ID: 16108327.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the origin of small saphenous vein of distally-based of sural nerve nutrient vessels flap and its clinical application. METHODS: The origins of nutrient vessels of small saphenous vein and communicating branches of superficial-deep vein were observed on specimens of 30 adult cadaveric low limbs by perfusing red gelatin to dissect the artery. RESULTS: The nutrient vessels of small saphenous vein originated from the heel lateral artery, the terminal perforator branches of peroneal artery and intermuscular septum perforating branches of peroneal artery. There were 2 to 5 branches of such distally-based perforating branches whose diameters ranged from 0.6 to 1.0 mm. Those perforating branches included fascia branches, cutaneous branches nerve and vein nutrient branches. Those nutrient vessels formed a longitudinal vessel chain of clinical nerve shaft, vessel chain of vein side and vessel network of deep superficial fascia. The small saphenous vein had 1 to 2 communicating branches of superficial-deep vein whose diameter was 1.7+/-0.5 mm, 3.4+/-0.9 cm to the level of cusp of lateral malleolus, and converged into the fibular vein. CONCLUSION: Distally-based sural nerve, small saphenous vein, and nutrient vessels of fascia skin have the same region. The communicating branches of superficial-deep vein is 3 to 4 cm to the level of cusp lateral malleolus. These communicating branches could improve the venous drainage of the flap.
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