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  • Title: Use of teicoplanin stationary phase for the enantiomeric resolution of atenolol in human urine by nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Author: D'Orazio G, Fanali S.
    Journal: J Pharm Biomed Anal; 2006 Feb 24; 40(3):539-44. PubMed ID: 16168605.
    Abstract:
    Nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC) was used for the enantiomeric resolution of atenolol employing a teicoplanin modified silica stationary phase prepared in our laboratory. Experiments were carried out in a fused silica capillary of 75 microm i.d. packed with chiral modified silica particles of 5 microm diameter. Separated enantiomers were revealed by on-line UV detector at 205 nm or electrospray-ion-trap mass spectrometer (ESI-MS). Atenolol enantiomers were eluted utilizing a mobile phase with the following composition: 500 mM ammonium acetate pH 4.5/methanol/acetonitrile 1:60:39 (v/v/v) allowing to achieve good enantioresolution in a reasonable analysis time (about 8 min) with a flow rate of about 900 nL/min. After comparing the sensitivity of the nano-LC method using a conventional UV detector for capillary electrophoresis, a zeta cell (3 nL volume) employed in nano-LC and the ion-trap MS the method was validated with the MS detector offering the highest sensitivity (limit of detection (LOD)=50 ng/mL; limit of quantification (LOQ)=400 ng/mL for each atenolol enantiomer). (-)-Psi-Nor-ephedrine was used as the internal standard. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of atenolol enantiomers present in human urine samples of a patient under atenolol therapy.
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