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  • Title: Inference-based retrospective revaluation in human causal judgments requires knowledge of within-compound relationships.
    Author: Mitchell CJ, Killedar A, Lovibond PF.
    Journal: J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process; 2005 Oct; 31(4):418-24. PubMed ID: 16248728.
    Abstract:
    In an allergist causal-judgment task, food compounds were followed by an allergic reaction (e.g., AB+), and then 1 cue (A) was revalued. Experiment 1, in which participants who were instructed that whatever was true about one element of a causal compound was also true of the other, showed a reverse of the standard retrospective revaluation effect. That is, ratings of B were higher when A was causal (A+) than when A was safe (A-). This effect was taken to reflect inferential reasoning, not an associative mechanism. In Experiment 2, within-compound associations were found to be necessary to produce this inference-based revaluation. Therefore, evidence that within-compound associations are necessary for retrospective revaluation is consistent with the inferential account of causal judgments.
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