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  • Title: Perioperative management of special populations: the geriatric patient.
    Author: Loran DB, Hyde BR, Zwischenberger JB.
    Journal: Surg Clin North Am; 2005 Dec; 85(6):1259-66, xi. PubMed ID: 16326206.
    Abstract:
    Americans over age 65 represent the fastest growing segment of the United States population. As a result, the demographic landscape of America is changing. Knowledge of aged physiology is necessary to construct a risk-benefit analysis tailored for each patient to improve perioperative outcomes and lower the morbidity and mortality rates among the elderly. Benefit estimates should account for a patient's life expectancy and quality of life before and after surgery. With aging, baseline functions of almost every organ system undergo progressive decline resulting in a decreased physiologic reserve and ability to compensate for stress. Pain control, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, end-of-life issues, and realistic expectations after surgery are paramount issues throughout the perioperative period.
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