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  • Title: [A measuring device for calculating electrical impedance of the heart in clinical conditions].
    Author: Schmidt C, Schima H, Raderer F, Wieselthaler G.
    Journal: Biomed Tech (Berl); 1992 May; 37(5):109-14. PubMed ID: 1633254.
    Abstract:
    Changes in the electrical impedance of tissue can indicate structural changes. This suggests a technique for the noninvasive detection of allograft rejection after heart transplantation. The direct electrical connection to the heart and the application of a measuring current to the myocardium requires a high standard of safety. A device was developed for measuring cardiac impedance using a sinusoidal current of 20 microA at a frequency of 15 kHz. The control logic ensures a slow current onset and also an immediate cessation in case of conductor fracture or excessive voltage. Initial results in patients with normal recovery after heart transplantation revealed a rapid drop in impedance to about 70% of the initial value in the 1st 48 hours and then a stable course. In the sole rejection episode observed so far, the impedance increased again to 85% of the initial value. This paper discusses the technical safety requirements and the design of the device, and presents initial results of clinical examinations.
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