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  • Title: Role of NAD(P)H oxidase in alcohol-induced impairment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent dilation of cerebral arterioles.
    Author: Sun H, Zheng H, Molacek E, Fang Q, Patel KP, Mayhan WG.
    Journal: Stroke; 2006 Feb; 37(2):495-500. PubMed ID: 16373635.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our goal was to determine whether NAD(P)H oxidase is involved in impaired endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent reactivity of cerebral arterioles during chronic alcohol consumption. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with an alcohol diet for 2 to 3 months. We determined the effects of acute and chronic treatment with an NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, on responses of pial arterioles to eNOS-dependent agonists (acetylcholine and ADP) and an eNOS-independent agonist (nitroglycerin). Expression of NAD(P)H oxidase in pial arterioles was measured with the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, and superoxide production was measured with the use of lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. RESULTS: Vasodilation in response to acetylcholine and ADP, but not nitroglycerin, was significantly less in alcohol-fed rats. Treatment with apocynin did not alter vasodilation in non-alcohol-fed rats but significantly improved impaired vasodilation in alcohol-fed rats. In addition, an upregulation of p47phox in pial arterioles was found in alcohol-fed rats. Furthermore, alcohol consumption increased superoxide production under basal conditions and in the presence of ADP and NAD(P)H. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that NAD(P)H oxidase plays a role in chronic alcohol consumption-induced impairment of eNOS-dependent dilation of cerebral arterioles.
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