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  • Title: Childhood sleep-disordered breathing and its implications for cardiac and vascular diseases.
    Author: Ng DK, Chan C, Chow AS, Chow P, Kwok K.
    Journal: J Paediatr Child Health; 2005 Dec; 41(12):640-6. PubMed ID: 16398867.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the recent literature regarding the relationship between childhood sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)/obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and cardiovascular diseases in children. METHODS: The literature about SDB/OSA and blood pressure, sympathetic activation, arterial distensibility, ventricular hypertrophy and insulin resistance were studied. Meta-analysis of risk of hypertension and high apnoea-hyponoea index were performed to calculate the combined odds ratio and it is equal to 2.93 (95% CI = 1.18-7.29). RESULTS: The results suggest a significant association between SDB/OSA and hypertension. However, the data are not adequate to draw firm conclusion although evidences were emerging to suggest that SDB/OSA affects blood pressure in either directions in children. Limited evidences also suggest that SDB/OSA is associated with increased sympathetic activation, decreased arterial distensibility and ventricular hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS: There is now increasing but not adequate evidence that childhood SDB/OSA is associated with detectable cardiovascular abnormalities.
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