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  • Title: High pressure-induced changes in bovine milk proteins: a review.
    Author: Huppertz T, Fox PF, de Kruif KG, Kelly AL.
    Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta; 2006 Mar; 1764(3):593-8. PubMed ID: 16410058.
    Abstract:
    High pressure (HP)-induced changes in the proteins of bovine milk have become an area of considerable research interest in recent years; as a result, there is now a detailed understanding of the effects of HP on casein micelles and whey proteins. HP treatment at pressures >400 or >100 MPa denatures the two most abundant whey proteins, alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-la) and beta-lactoglobulin (beta-lg), respectively. The majority of denatured beta-lg in HP-treated milk associates with the casein micelles, although some denatured beta-lg remains in the serum phase or is attached to the milk fat globule membrane; HP-denatured alpha-la is also associated with the milk fat globules. Casein micelles are disrupted on treatment at pressures >200 MPa; the rate and extent of micellar disruption increases with pressure and is probably due to the increased solubility of calcium phosphate with increasing pressure. On prolonged treatment at 250-300 MPa, reassociation of micellar fragments occurs through hydrophobic bonding; this process does not occur at a pressure >300 MPa, leading to considerably smaller micelles in such milk. As a result of HP-induced changes, the size, number, hydration, composition and light-scattering properties of casein micelles in HP-treated milk differ considerably from those in untreated milk.
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