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  • Title: Geographical distribution of optic nerve hypoplasia and septo-optic dysplasia in Northwest England.
    Author: Patel L, McNally RJ, Harrison E, Lloyd IC, Clayton PE.
    Journal: J Pediatr; 2006 Jan; 148(1):85-8. PubMed ID: 16423603.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) in the Greater Manchester and Lancashire (GM&L) region of Northwest England, and to analyze occurrence by location and over time. STUDY DESIGN: A population-based incidence study was undertaken for cases of SOD/ONH from GM&L. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for each district, relationships between SIRs and possible geographically varying risk factors, and spatial and space-time clustering were analyzed. RESULTS: Eighty-seven cases had a confirmed diagnosis of ONH/SOD giving an incidence of 10.9/100,000 per year in GM&L. SIRs ranged widely but were significantly elevated (lower confidence limit >100) in three districts: 167%, 192%, and 198%, respectively. All three were high population density, inner-city locations. SIRs were significantly correlated with higher rates of unemployment (r = 0.49, P = .01), dependent children in non-earning households (r = 0.47, P = .02), underage conceptions (r = 0.46, P = .02), and underage pregnancies (r = 0.44, P = .03). There was no evidence of spatial or space-time clustering. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of ONH/SOD in GM&L was higher than that reported elsewhere. Cases were more common in areas that had higher unemployment and teenage pregnancy rates.
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