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  • Title: [Somatic and psychomotor development of preterm infants at the age of 2 years, with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia].
    Author: Kwinta P, Klimek M, Pietrzyk JJ.
    Journal: Med Wieku Rozwoj; 2005; 9(3 Pt 1):271-81. PubMed ID: 16547375.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The assessment of psychomotor and somatic development at the age of 2 years of preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). DESIGN: Case -- control study. SETTING: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 62 preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation, with mean birth weight equaled to 1112 g were included into 2 groups: group A -- with BPD (n=31), group B (control) -- matched by sex, birth weight, gestational age (n=31). INTERVENTIONS: Evaluation of reaching milestones, neurological examination at 3, 9, 12, 18-24 months, Psyche-Cattel tests at 12 and 24 months, hearing and visions examinations, head, chest circumference, length and weight at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age of unsupported sitting and walking, intelligence quotient (IQ), cerebral palsy, hearing and sight impairment. RESULTS: Reaching motor milestones were similar in the both groups (unsupported sitting (mean) 10.4 vs. 8.7 months, unsupported walking: 15.1 vs. 13.9 months). Cerebral palsy occurred more (non-significantly) frequently in group A than in group B (7/31 vs. 2/31, p=0.15). Significantly lower IQ was found in group A at the age of 1 year in comparison with group B (x +/- SEM: 79.9 +/- 2.1 vs. 86.1 +/- 1.5, p=0.03) and at the age of 2 years (x +/- SEM: 89.2 +/- 2.7 vs. 96.0 +/- 2.1, p=0.06). Weight, length, head and chest circumferences at the term of delivery were similar in the both groups, but at the age of 9 and 24 months the group A children weighted less than group B (respectively: 7432 vs. 8128 g, 10010 vs. 11116; p<0.05) and at the age of 24 months were significantly shorter (816 vs. 848 mm, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia significantly influences intellectual and somatic development of preterm newborns.
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