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  • Title: Biochemical and molecular analyses of gibberellin biosynthesis in fungi.
    Author: Kawaide H.
    Journal: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem; 2006 Mar; 70(3):583-90. PubMed ID: 16556972.
    Abstract:
    The plant hormone, gibberellin (GA), regulates plant growth and development. It was first isolated as a superelongation-promoting diterpenoid from the fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi. G. fujikuroi uses different GA biosynthetic intermediates from those in plants to produce GA3. Another class of GA-producing fungus, Phaeosphaeria sp. L487, synthesizes GA1 by using the same intermediates as those in plants. A molecular analysis of GA biosynthesis in Phaeosphaeria sp. has revealed that diterpene cyclase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases were involved in the plant-like biosynthesis of GA1. Fungal ent-kaurene synthase is a bifunctional cyclase. Subsequent oxidation steps are catalyzed by P450s, leading to biologically active GA1. GA biosynthesis in plants is divided into three steps involving soluble enzymes and membrane-bound cytochrome P450. The activation of plant GAs is catalyzed by soluble 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, which is in contrast to the catalysis of fungal GA biosynthesis. This difference suggests that the origin of fungal GA biosynthesis is evolutionally independent of that in plants.
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