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  • Title: Phonological activation of category coordinates during speech planning is observable in children but not in adults: evidence for cascaded processing.
    Author: Jescheniak JD, Hahne A, Hoffmann S, Wagner V.
    Journal: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn; 2006 Mar; 32(2):373-86. PubMed ID: 16569153.
    Abstract:
    There is a long-standing debate in the area of speech production on the question of whether only words selected for articulation are phonologically activated (as maintained by serial-discrete models) or whether this is also true for their semantic competitors (as maintained by forward-cascading and interactive models). Past research has addressed this issue by testing whether retrieval of a target word (e.g., cat) affects--or is affected by--the processing of a word that is phonologically related to a semantic category coordinate of the target (e.g., doll, related to dog) and has consistently failed to obtain such mediated effects in adult speakers. The authors present a series of experiments demonstrating that mediated effects are present in children (around age 7) and diminish with increasing age. This observation provides further evidence for cascaded models of lexical retrieval.
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