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  • Title: Predictors of retention in naltrexone maintenance for opioid dependence: analysis of a stage I trial.
    Author: Sullivan MA, Rothenberg JL, Vosburg SK, Church SH, Feldman SJ, Epstein EM, Kleber HD, Nunes EV.
    Journal: Am J Addict; 2006; 15(2):150-9. PubMed ID: 16595353.
    Abstract:
    Behavioral naltrexone therapy (BNT) was developed to address the shortcomings of naltrexone maintenance for opiate dependence and improve compliance by integrating several empirically validated methods, including the use of a significant other to monitor compliance, voucher incentives, and motivational techniques. An uncontrolled Stage I pilot trial (N = 47) of BNT was conducted. Baseline demographic and clinical variables were evaluated as predictors of retention with univariate tests. Significant predictors were entered together into a multiple regression model. Poorer (shorter) retention in treatment was associated with methadone use and higher average bags per day of heroin. Other variables that became non-significant in multiple regression analysis included older age and depressive symptoms. Individuals with greater physiologic dependence and/or dependence on longer-acting opiates are at higher risk to drop out from naltrexone maintenance and may require a more gradual detoxification and more intensive behavioral therapy aimed at enhancing initial compliance.
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