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  • Title: Systemic inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by elevated levels of CCL2.
    Author: Haukeland JW, Damås JK, Konopski Z, Løberg EM, Haaland T, Goverud I, Torjesen PA, Birkeland K, Bjøro K, Aukrust P.
    Journal: J Hepatol; 2006 Jun; 44(6):1167-74. PubMed ID: 16618517.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: To elucidate the role of systemic inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: Serum samples in 47 patients with histologically verified NAFLD (22 with simple steatosis and 25 with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]), and in 30 age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls, were assessed for (i) general markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, and interleukin [IL]-6), (ii) chemokines (CC-chemokine ligand [CCL] 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein [MCP]-1, CCL19 and CCL21), (iii) adipocytokines related to insulin resistance and inflammation (adiponectin and leptin) and (iv) a marker of oxidative stress (8-isoprostane-F2alpha). RESULTS: Serum levels of several inflammatory cytokines were increased in NAFLD as compared to controls, and IL-6 (P=0.017), CCL2/MCP-1 (P=0.008) and CCL19 (P=0.001), but not CRP (P=0.199), remained elevated also after correction for sex, body mass index (BMI) and age. Comparing NASH with simple steatosis, levels of TNF-alpha (P=0.024) and CCL2/MCP-1 (P=0.012) were elevated and adiponectin (in women) (P=0.001) were decreased also after adjustment for sex, BMI and presence of the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that patients with NAFLD are characterized by a low-grade systemic inflammation. The high CCL2/MCP-1 levels in NASH might be of importance for the conversion from simple steatosis to NASH.
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