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  • Title: Prevalence and interrelations of cardiovascular risk factors in urban and rural Mexican adolescents.
    Author: Yamamoto-Kimura L, Posadas-Romero C, Posadas-Sánchez R, Zamora-González J, Cardoso-Saldaña G, Méndez Ramírez I.
    Journal: J Adolesc Health; 2006 May; 38(5):591-8. PubMed ID: 16635772.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To examine the prevalence of coronary risk factors in Mexican adolescents, and their relations to school type, gender, and residence in urban and rural areas. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 3121 junior high school students, aged 12 to 16 years, attending urban schools (eight public, n = 1850, two private, n = 480) and three rural public (n = 791) schools. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting glucose and lipid-lipoprotein levels were measured. Tobacco smoking and physical activity were also ascertained. The prevalence rates of cardiovascular risk factors were determined by gender and school type. RESULTS: Obesity, overweight, high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and physical inactivity were higher for urban than rural adolescents. The prevalence of the low HDL-C level was exceedingly high in adolescents of three school types (> 30%) but particularly in male rural students (48.9%). Compared with rural students, high LDL-cholesterol was twice as high in private schoolchildren. The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose was .35% in the whole population and much higher in obese males (1.6%) and obese females (2.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight an epidemic of coronary risk factors mainly in adolescents living in the urban area, suggesting the importance of environmental factors.
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