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  • Title: N-chlorotaurine is an effective antiviral agent against adenovirus in vitro and in the Ad5/NZW rabbit ocular model.
    Author: Romanowski EG, Yates KA, Teuchner B, Nagl M, Irschick EU, Gordon YJ.
    Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci; 2006 May; 47(5):2021-6. PubMed ID: 16639011.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To determine whether N-chlorotaurine (NCT) demonstrates antiviral activity against adenovirus (Ad) in vitro and in the Ad5/NZW rabbit ocular model. METHODS: The in vitro activity of NCT was evaluated by incubating different Ad serotypes with several concentrations of NCT for 1 hour and determining the reduction in Ad titers. In rabbit study 1, Ad5-infected eyes were treated with 2.5%, 2.0%, and 1.0% NCT; 0.5% cidofovir; or saline. NCT and saline groups were treated 10 times for 1 day and then 5 times daily for 6 days. In rabbit study 2, Ad5-infected eyes were treated with 1.0% NCT/0.1% ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), 0.1% NCT/1.0% NH4Cl, 0.1% NCT/0.1% NH4Cl, and 0.5% cidofovir or saline. The NCT and saline groups were treated five times daily for 10 days. Cidofovir-treated eyes received the authors' standard cidofovir dose regimen: twice daily for 7 days. RESULTS: In vitro, NCT demonstrated concentration-dependent direct inactivation of all ocular Ad serotypes tested. Rabbit study 1: 2.5%, 2.0%, 1.0% NCT, and cidofovir demonstrated significantly fewer positive cultures per total cultures during days 1 to 14, compared with saline. Rabbit study 2: 1.0% NCT/0.1% NH4Cl, 0.1% NCT/1.0% NH4Cl, 0.1% NCT/0.1% NH4Cl, and cidofovir demonstrated significantly fewer positive cultures per total cultures, during days 1 to 14; shorter durations of shedding; and lower mean combined titers, during days 7 to 14, compared with saline. Cidofovir was significantly more effective than NCT in several outcome measures in both rabbit studies. CONCLUSIONS: NCT demonstrated antiviral activity against adenovirus in vitro and in vivo. Further development of NCT as a topical antimicrobial is indicated.
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