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  • Title: CSF cytokine and chemokine profiles in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
    Author: Ishizu T, Minohara M, Ichiyama T, Kira R, Tanaka M, Osoegawa M, Hara T, Furukawa S, Kira J.
    Journal: J Neuroimmunol; 2006 Jun; 175(1-2):52-8. PubMed ID: 16697050.
    Abstract:
    We simultaneously measured 16 cytokines/chemokines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 14 patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and 20 controls using a fluorescent bead-based immunoassay. A variety of cytokines, such as IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, G-CSF and MIP-1beta, were significantly elevated in ADEM. In particular, G-CSF showed a marked 38-fold increase compared to the control mean. Significant positive correlations with inflammatory parameters in CSF, such as cell counts and protein levels, were found for IFN-gamma, IL-6 and IL-8. In contrast, IL-17 produced by activated CD4(+) memory T cells was not increased. The results suggested that various cytokines related to activation of macrophages/microglias and Th(1) and Th(2) cells are upregulated in CSF in ADEM.
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