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  • Title: Steroid synthesis by the fetal part of the bovine placenta of late pregnancy in vitro: Effect of a low dose of dexamethasone in vivo.
    Author: Hoedemaker M, Weston PG, Marques AP, Wagner WC.
    Journal: Theriogenology; 1989 Oct; 32(4):653-66. PubMed ID: 16726712.
    Abstract:
    Pregnant cows were treated with 5 mg dexamethasone (DEX) (n = 5) or 0.9% saline (n = 3) on Day 255 of gestation. Placentomes were removed on Day 250, Day 260 by laparotomy, and immediately after parturition. Fetal placental tissue (500 mg) was homogenized and frozen for the determination of initial tissue content of progesterone (P(4)) and estrone (E(1)) by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Tissue samples (500 mg) were incubated for 1, 5, or 9 h in the presence of 0, 10, or 100 ng/ml androstenedione (A) or pregnenolone (P(5)). After incubation, tissue was homogenized in the incubation medium (HOM) and P(4) and E(1) content assessed by RIA. Finally, tissue was incubated in medium containing (3)H-A or (3)H-P(5) with or without cortisol (70 ng/ml) to measure conversion of precursors into estrogens (E). Overall initial tissue concentration of P(4) decreased as pregnancy progressed (P < 0.05). An interaction between DEX treatment and stage of gestation (P < 0.05) indicated that P(4) decreased only in tissue from DEX-treated cows, whereas P(4) in tissue from control cows remained constant. Tissue concentrations of E(1) increased from Day 250 to parturition (P < 0.05) and were not influenced by in vivo DEX treatment. Progesterone concentration in HOM increased during incubation indicating P(4) synthesis (P < 0.001). Addition of 100 ng/ml P(5) stimulated P(4) production (P < 0.05). There was a larger increase in P(4) in HOM from DEX-treated cows than in HOM from control cows (P < 0.05). Concentration of E(1) decreased during incubation (P < 0.0001) and was not influenced by the addition of A or P(5). Estrogen synthesis was indicated by the conversion of A or P(5) into E (pmol/g/h). The conversion of precursors (A or P(5)) into E increased during gestation and was not influenced by in vivo DEX treatment. Cortisol application in vitro did not affect E synthesis. It is concluded that treatment with 5 mg DEX in vivo on Day 255 of pregnancy does not seem to influence placental E synthesis in vitro. However, the decrease in initial P(4) tissue concentration and the increase in P(4) synthesis by fetal placental tissue from DEX-treated cows in vitro suggest that DEX treatment in vivo stimulates P(4) synthesis with increased metabolism of P(4) into other metabolites.
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