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  • Title: The muscle-bone unit in adulthood: influence of sex, height, age and gynecological history on the bone mineral content and muscle cross-sectional area.
    Author: Sumnik Z, Land C, Coburger S, Neu C, Manz F, Hrach K, Schoenau E.
    Journal: J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact; 2006; 6(2):195-200. PubMed ID: 16849832.
    Abstract:
    Bone and muscle development are both strongly influenced by sex hormones. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in bone and muscle parameters (bone mineral content - BMC, muscle cross-sectional area - MA) in 130 men aged 31 -60 years, and in 180 pre-menopausal women aged 30-53 years with respect to age, body height and, with the women, their gynecological history (age-at-menarche, number of pregnancies, duration of lactation and use of oral contraception). The study was performed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at a 65% site of the forearm length. Both BMC and MA were dependent on body height (p<0.0001), but not on age. The BMC/MA ratio was dependent neither on age nor on body height in both genders. MA as well as BMC were found significantly higher in males than in females (p<0.0001 for both variables). We observed a significantly higher BMC/MA ratio in females than in males (p<0.0001). We found no effect either of the analyzed variables of gynecological history on bone/muscle characteristics. The findings highlight the necessity of involving height-adjusted parameters and BMC/MA ratio into bone analysis in adults.
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